Mayo Test ID APIXA Apixaban, Anti-Xa, Plasma
Ordering Guidance
This assay is not indicated for monitoring low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin (UFH) concentrations. The presence of UFH and LMWH will cause the apixaban anti-Xa level to be falsely elevated.
This assay is optimized to measure apixaban concentration in presence of coagulation factor Xa recombinant, inactivated-zhzo (andexanet alfa, Andexxa).
Necessary Information
Specimen Required
Specimen Type: Platelet-poor plasma
Collection Container/Tube: Light-blue top (3.2% sodium citrate)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Specimen should be collected 2 to 4 hours (peak) after a dose or just prior (trough) to the next dose for apixaban concentrations.
2. For complete instructions, see Coagulation Guidelines for Specimen Handling and Processing.
3. Centrifuge, transfer all plasma into a plastic vial, and centrifuge plasma again.
4. Aliquot plasma into a plastic vial leaving 0.25 mL in the bottom of centrifuged vial.
5. Freeze plasma immediately (no longer than 4 hours after collection) at -20° C or, ideally, ≤-40° C.
Additional Information:
1. A double-centrifuged specimen is critical for accurate results as platelet contamination may cause spurious results.
2. Each coagulation assay requested should have its own vial.
Useful For
Measuring apixaban concentration in selected clinical situations (eg, renal insufficiency, assessment of compliance, periprocedural measurement of drug concentration, suspected overdose, advanced age, and extremes of body weight)
Special Instructions
Method Name
Chromogenic Assay
Reporting Name
Apixaban, Anti-Xa, PSpecimen Type
Plasma Na CitSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Plasma Na Cit | Frozen | 42 days |
Reject Due To
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.Clinical Information
Apixaban, an oral anticoagulant that directly inhibits factor Xa, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for prophylaxis of thrombosis in atrial fibrillation and surgical patients and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Unlike warfarin, it does not require routine therapeutic monitoring. However, in selected clinical situations, measurement of drug level would be useful (eg, renal insufficiency, assessment of compliance, periprocedural measurement of drug concentration, suspected overdose, advanced age, and extremes of body weight).
Table. Predicted Apixaban Steady-State Exposure Concentrations(1)
Dosage |
Apixaban C-min (ng/mL) trough plasma concentration (predose) |
Apixaban C-max (ng/mL) peak plasma concentration |
Prevention of VTE: elective hip or knee replacement surgery |
|
|
2.5 mg twice daily |
51 (23-109) |
77 (41-146) |
Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism: NVAF |
|
|
2.5 mg twice daily |
79 (34-162) |
123 (69-221) |
5 mg twice daily |
103 (41-230) |
171 (91-321) |
Treatment of DVT, treatment of PE and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE (VTE) |
|
|
2.5 mg twice daily |
32 (11-90) |
67 (30-153) |
5 mg twice daily |
63 (22-177) |
132 (59-302) |
10 mg twice daily |
120 (41-335) |
251 (111-572) |
Median (5th-95th percentile)
Abbreviations not previously defined:
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Reference Values
An interpretive report will be provided.
Interpretation
The lower limit of detection of this assay is 10 ng/mL.
Therapeutic reference ranges have not been established. See Clinical Information for peak and trough drug concentrations observed from clinical trials.
Cautions
Routine monitoring of apixaban is not indicated. Therapeutic reference ranges have not been established, however, peak and trough levels observed in clinical trials at different dosing are available. Apixaban concentration may be affected by drug interactions and liver or renal disease.
Clinical Reference
1. Eliquis (apixaban). Package insert. Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company; Revised 11/2019
2. Hurst KV, O'Callaghan JM, Handa A. Quick reference guide to apixaban. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2017;13:263-267
3. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patient with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(11):981-992
4. Frost C, Nepal S, Wang J, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple oral doses of apixaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmocol. 2013;76:(5):776-786
5. Agnelli G, Buller HR, Cohen A, et al. Oral apixaban for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(9):799-808
6. Siegal DM, Curnutte JT, Connolly SJ, et al. Andexanet alfa for reversal of factor Xa inhibitor activity. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(25):2413-2424
7. Martin K, Beyer-Westendorf J, Davidson BL, Huisman MV, Sandset PM, Moll S. Use of the direct oral anticoagulants in obese patients: guidance from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost. 2016;14(6):1308-1313
Method Description
The apixaban, anti-Xa assay is performed on the Instrumentation Laboratory ACL TOP Family using the HemosIL Liquid Anti-Xa kit. The liquid Anti-Xa kit is a 1-stage chromogenic assay based on a synthetic chromogenic substrate and on factor Xa inactivation. Factor Xa is neutralized directly by apixaban. Residual factor Xa is quantified with a synthetic chromogenic substrate. The paranitroaniline released is monitored kinetically at 405 nm and is inversely proportional to the apixaban in the sample.(Package insert: HemosiL Liquid Anti-Xa kit. Instrumentation Laboratory Company; Rev. 06/2017)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
1 to 3 daysSpecimen Retention Time
7 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been modified from the manufacturer's instructions. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
80299LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
APIXA | Apixaban, Anti-Xa, P | 74214-8 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
APIX1 | Apixaban, Anti-Xa, P | 74214-8 |
APIX2 | Interpretation | 69049-5 |
APIX3 | Cautions | 62364-5 |