Mayo Test ID AST Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) (GOT), Serum
Necessary Information
Patient's age and sex are required.
Specimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Collection Instructions:
1. Serum gel tubes should be centrifuged within 2 hours of collection.
2. Red-top tubes should be centrifuged, and the serum aliquoted into a plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.
Useful For
Diagnosing and monitoring liver disease, particularly diseases resulting in a destruction of hepatocytes
Method Name
Photometric Rate, L-Aspartate with Pyridoxyl-5-Phosphate
Reporting Name
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), SSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.25 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 7 days | |
Frozen | 30 days | ||
Ambient | 7 days |
Reject Due To
Gross hemolysis | Reject |
Clinical Information
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is found in high concentrations in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. AST is present in both cytoplasm and mitochondria of cells. In cases involving mild tissue injury, the predominant form of AST is that from the cytoplasm. Severe tissue damage results in more of the mitochondrial enzyme being released. High levels of AST can be found in cases such as myocardial infarction, acute liver cell damage, viral hepatitis, and carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Slight to moderate elevation of AST is seen in muscular dystrophy, dermatomyositis, acute pancreatitis, and crushed muscle injuries.
Reference Values
Males
0-11 months: not established
1-13 years: 8-60 U/L
≥14 years: 8-48 U/L
Females
0-11 months: not established
1-13 years: 8-50 U/L
≥14 years: 8-43 U/L
Interpretation
Elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values are seen in parenchymal liver diseases characterized by a destruction of hepatocytes. Values are typically at least 10 times above the normal range. Levels may reach values as high as 100 times the upper reference limit, although 20- to 50-fold elevations are most frequently encountered. In infectious hepatitis and other inflammatory conditions affecting the liver, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristically as high as or higher than AST, and the ALT:AST ratio, which normally and in other condition is less than 1, becomes greater than unity. AST levels are usually elevated before clinical signs and symptoms of disease appear. Five- to 10-fold elevations of both AST and ALT occur in patients with primary or metastatic carcinoma of the liver, with AST usually being higher than ALT, but levels are often normal in the early stages of malignant infiltration of the liver. Elevations of ALT activity persist longer than do those of AST activity. Elevated AST values may also be seen in disorders affecting the heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney.
Cautions
Pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor in the reaction and is necessary for enzyme activity.
Clinical Reference
Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. Edited by CA Burtis, ER Ashwood. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, 1994
Method Description
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is measured by a coupled enzyme kinetic method where the rate of decrease of NADH, determined at 340 nm, is directly proportional to the AST activity.(Package insert: Roche AST reagent, Indianapolis, IN, January 2000)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
Same day/1 to 2 daysSpecimen Retention Time
1 weekPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
84450
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
AST | Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), S | 30239-8 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
AST | Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), S | 30239-8 |