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HelpMayo Test ID IGGS4 IgG4, Immunoglobulin Subclasses, Serum
Ordering Guidance
This test only quantitates the IgG4 protein. If quantitation of all IgG subclass types is desired, order IGGS / IgG Subclasses, Serum.
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: Fasting preferred but not required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
Useful For
Supporting the diagnosis of IgG4-related disease
Method Name
Turbidimetry
Reporting Name
IgG4, Ig SubclassesSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
| Ambient | 14 days | ||
| Frozen | 14 days |
Reject Due To
| Gross hemolysis | Reject |
| Gross lipemia | Reject |
| Gross icterus | OK |
Clinical Information
The most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in human serum is IgG. IgG immunoglobulins are comprised of 4 subclasses, designated IgG1 through IgG4. Of total IgG, approximately 65% is IgG1, 25% is IgG2, 6% is IgG3, and 4% is IgG4. Each IgG subclass contains structurally unique portions of the constant region of the gamma heavy chain.
IgG subclass 4-related disease is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, most often occurring in middle-aged and older men. Several organ systems can be involved, and the disease encompasses many previous and newly described diseases such as autoimmune pancreatitis; Mikulicz disease and sclerosing sialadenitis; inflammatory orbital pseudotumor; chronic sclerosing aortitis; Riedel thyroiditis, a subset of Hashimoto thyroiditis; IgG4-related interstitial pneumonitis; and IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis. These entities may be characterized by tumor-like swelling of the involved organs with infiltration by numerous IgG4-positive plasma cells with accompanying fibrosis. In addition, elevated serum concentrations of IgG4 are found in at least 50% of patients diagnosed with IgG4-related disease.
The diagnosis of IgG4-related disease may require a tissue biopsy of the affected organ demonstrating the aforementioned histological features. It is recommended that patients suspected of having an IgG4-related disease have their serum IgG4 measured.
Reference Values
0-<5 months: ≤19.8 mg/dL
5-<9 months: ≤20.8 mg/dL
9-<15 months: ≤22.0 mg/dL
15-<24 months: ≤23.0 mg/dL
2-<4 years: ≤49.1 mg/dL
4-<7 years: ≤81.9 mg/dL
7-<10 years: 1.0-108.7 mg/dL
10-<13 years: 1.0-121.9 mg/dL
13-<16 years: ≤121.7 mg/dL
16-<18 years: ≤111.0 mg/dL
≥18 years: 2.4-121.0 mg/dL
Interpretation
Elevated concentration of IgG4 is consistent with, but not diagnostic of, IgG4-related disease.
Cautions
Elevations in serum IgG4 concentrations are not specific to IgG4-related disease; they are also found in disorders such as multicentric Castleman disease, allergic disorders, Churg-Strauss syndrome, sarcoidosis, and other conditions.
Clinical Reference
1. Cheuk W, Chan JKC. IgG4-related sclerosing disease: a critical appraisal of an evolving clinicopathologic entity. Adv Anat Pathol. 2010;17(5):303-332
2. Zen Y, Nakanuma Y. IgG4-related disease: a cross-sectional study of 114 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34(12):1812-1819
3. Bateman AC, Deheragoda MG. IgG4-related systemic sclerosing disease-an emerging and under-diagnosed condition. Histopathology. 2009;55(4):373-383
4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T. IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front Immunol. 2014;5:520
5. Maslinska M, Dmowska-Chalaba J, Jakubaszek M. The role of IgG4 in autoimmunity and rheumatic diseases. Front Immunol. 2022;12:787422
6. Wallace ZS, Naden RP, Chari S, et al. The 2019 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for IgG4-related disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(1):77-87. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216561
Method Description
The determination of the soluble antigen concentration by turbidimetric methods involves the reaction with specific antiserum to form insoluble complexes. When light is passed through the suspension formed a portion of the light is transmitted and focused onto a photodiode by an optical lens system. The amount of transmitted light is indirectly proportional to the specific protein concentration in the test sample.
Concentrations are automatically calculated by reference to a calibrations curve stored within the instrument.(Package inserts: Optilite IgG4. The Binding Site Group, Ltd: ver.23, 07/2019)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
1 to 2 daysSpecimen Retention Time
14 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Test Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
82787
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| IGGS4 | IgG4, Ig Subclasses | 2469-5 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| IGGS4 | IgG4, Ig Subclasses | 2469-5 |