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HelpMayo Test ID KRTAE Keratin (AE1/AE3) Immunostain, Technical Component Only
Ordering Guidance
This test includes only technical performance of the stain (no pathologist interpretation is performed). If diagnostic consultation by a pathologist is required order PATHC / Pathology Consultation.
Shipping Instructions
Attach the green "Attention Pathology" address label (T498) and the pink Immunostain Technical Only label included in the kit to the outside of the transport container.
Specimen Required
Specimen Type: Tissue
Supplies: Immunostain Technical Only Envelope (T693)
Container/Tube: Immunostain Technical Only Envelope
Preferred:
-Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue block
OR
-2 Unstained, positively charged glass slides (25- x 75- x 1-mm) per test ordered; sections 4-microns thick
Acceptable: None
Useful For
Identification of cells expressing a broad spectrum of cytokeratins (low and high molecular weight keratins)
Reflex Tests
| Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| IHTOI | IHC Initial, Tech Only | No | No |
| IHTOA | IHC Additional, Tech Only | No | No |
Method Name
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Reporting Name
Keratin (AE1/AE3) IHC, Tech OnlySpecimen Type
TECHONLYSpecimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| TECHONLY | Ambient (preferred) | ||
| Refrigerated | |||
Reject Due To
| Wet/frozen tissue Cytology smears Nonformalin fixed tissue Nonparaffin embedded tissue Noncharged slides ProbeOn slides Snowcoat slides |
Reject |
Clinical Information
Keratin clone AE1/AE3 is a broad-spectrum cytokeratin antibody that reacts with many low and high molecular weight keratins in a filamentous or membrane pattern in the epithelium of most organs. Diagnostically, antikeratin antibodies are usually applied as part of a panel to determine cell lineage of poorly differentiated malignant tumors.
Interpretation
This test does not include pathologist interpretation, only technical performance of the stain. If interpretation is required, order PATHC / Pathology Consultation for a full diagnostic evaluation or second opinion of the case.
The positive and negative controls are verified as showing appropriate immunoreactivity. If a control tissue is not included on the slide, a scanned image of the relevant quality control tissue is available upon request; call 855-516-8404.
Interpretation of this test should be performed in the context of the patient's clinical history and other diagnostic tests by a qualified pathologist.
Cautions
Age of a cut paraffin section can affect immunoreactivity. Stability thresholds vary widely among published literature and are antigen dependent. Best practice is for paraffin sections to be cut within 6 weeks.
The charge of glass slides can be affected by environmental factors and subsequently may alter slide staining. Sending unsuitable glass slides can result in inconsistent staining due to poor slide surface chemistry.
Best practices for storage of positively charged slides:
-Minimize time slides are stored after being unpackaged
-Limit exposure to high humidity and heat
-Minimize exposure to plastics
Clinical Reference
1. Cserni G, Bianchi S, Vezzosi V, et al. The value of cytokeratin immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of axillary sentinel lymph nodes in patients with lobular breast carcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59(5):518-522
2. Khan NR, Khan AN, Waris E, Suleman BA, Khan AA. Ck AE1/AE3 tumor marker expression in SCC of head and neck. Cell Biol Res.Ther. 2014;3:1-6
3. Listrom MB, Dalton LW. Comparison of keratin monoclonal antibodies MAK-6, AE1:AE3, and CAM-5.2. Am J Clin Pathol. 1987;88(3):297-301
4. Morice WG, Ferreiro JA. Distinction of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma from adenoid cystic and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol. 1998;29(6):609-612
5. Pinkus GS, Etheridge CL, O'Connor EM. Are keratin proteins a better tumor marker than epithelial membrane antigen? A comparative immunohistochemical study of various paraffin-embedded neoplasms using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol. 1986;85(3):269-277
6. Badzio A, Czapiewski P, Gorczynski A, et al. Prognostic value of broad-spectrum keratin clones AE1/AE3 and CAM5. 2 in small cell lung cancer patients undergoing pulmonary resection. Acta Biochim Pol. 2019;66(1):111-1114
7. Magaki S, Hojat SA, Wei B, So A, Yong WH. An introduction to the performance of immunohistochemistry. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1897:289-298. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8935-5_25
Method Description
Immunohistochemistry on sections of paraffin-embedded tissue.(Unpublished Mayo method)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
1 to 3 daysSpecimen Retention Time
Until staining is complete.Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Test Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
88342-TC, primary
88341-TC, if additional IHC
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| KRTAE | Keratin (AE1/AE3) IHC, Tech Only | Order only;no result |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 70805 | Keratin (AE1/AE3) IHC, Tech Only | Bill only; no result |
Testing Algorithm
For the initial technical component only immunohistochemical (IHC) stain performed, the appropriate bill-only test ID will be reflexed and charged (IHTOI). For each additional technical component only IHC stain performed, an additional bill-only test ID will be reflexed and charged (IHTOA).