Mayo Test ID OLIGS Oligoclonal Banding, Serum
Specimen Required
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-OLIG / Oligoclonal Banding, Serum and Spinal Fluid
-MSP3 / Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Spinal Fluid
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
Useful For
Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis; especially useful in patients with equivocal clinical presentation and radiological findings
Determining number of serum oligoclonal bands in order to calculate the number of cerebrospinal fluid-specific bands present
Method Name
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-OLIG / Oligoclonal Banding, Serum and Spinal Fluid
-MSP3 / Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Spinal Fluid
Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) with IgG Immunoblot Detection
Reporting Name
Serum BandsSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
Ambient | 14 days | ||
Frozen | 14 days |
Reject Due To
Gross hemolysis | OK |
Gross lipemia | Reject |
Gross icterus   | OK |
Clinical Information
The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is dependent on clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings. The detection of increased intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis is the basis for current diagnostic laboratory tests for MS. These tests include kappa free light chains in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and CSF oligoclonal band (OCB) detection. Abnormal CSF OCB patterns have been reported in 70% to 80% of MS patients.
Increased intrathecal Ig synthesis may occur in other inflammatory CSF diseases, and therefore, this assay is not specific for MS
Reference Values
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-OLIG / Oligoclonal Banding, Serum and Spinal Fluid
-MSP3 / Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Spinal Fluid
Interpretation
When the oligoclonal band assay detects 2 or more unique IgG bands in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the result is positive.
CSF is used in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) by identifying increased intrathecal IgG synthesis qualitatively (oligoclonal bands). The presence of 2 or more unique CSF oligoclonal bands was reintroduced as one of the diagnostic criteria for MS in the 2017 revised McDonald criteria. These findings, however, are not specific for MS as CSF-specific IgG synthesis may also be found in patients with other neurologic diseases including infectious, inflammatory, cerebrovascular, and paraneoplastic disorders. Clinical correlation recommended.
Cautions
These tests are not specific for multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Reference
1. Andersson M, Alvarez-Cermeno J, Bernardi G, et al: Cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a consensus report. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1994;57:897-902
2. Fortini AS, Sanders EL, Weinshenker BG, Katzmann JA: Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, isoelectric focusing with the IgG immunoblotting compared with high resolution agarose gel electrophoresis and cerebrospinal fluid IgG index. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003:120:672-675
3. Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, et al: Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018 Feb;17(2):162-173
4. Gurtner KM, Shosha E, Bryant SC, et al: CSF free light chain identification of demyelinating disease: comparison with oligoclonal banding and other CSF indexes. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2018;56:1071-1080
5. Saadeh R, Pittock S, Bryant S, et al: CSF kappa free light chains as a potential quantitative alternative to oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2019 April 09:2019: 92
Method Description
The oligoclonal band (OCB) assay requires paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples. Unconcentrated CSF and diluted serum are electrophoresed by isoelectric focusing. The separated immunoglobulins (Ig) are visualized by an IgG immunoblot, and OCBs that are present in the CSF and not in the serum are reported. The assay uses reagents from Helena Laboratories.(Keir G, Luxton RW, Thompson EJ: Isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins G: an annotated update. Ann Clin Biochem. 1990;27:436-443; Hortin GL: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. In: Burtis CA, Bruns DE, eds. Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2015:chap 18)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through FridayReport Available
4 to 7 daysSpecimen Retention Time
14 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
83916
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
OLIGS | Serum Bands | In Process |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
2783 | Serum Bands | 100755-8 |
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.4 mL