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HelpMayo Test ID VLTU Volatile Screen, Random, Urine
Ordering Guidance
For best clinical correlation, the recommended tests are either VLTS / Volatile Screen, Serum; or VLTB / Volatile Screen, Blood.
Specimen Required
Supplies: Urine Tubes, 10 mL (T068)
Container/Tube: Plastic, 10-mL urine tube
Specimen Volume: 10 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect a random urine specimen.
2. No preservative is required.
Useful For
Detecting the presence of acetone, methanol, isopropanol, or ethanol in urine with subsequent quantitation
Testing Algorithm
This test includes analysis of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone.Method Name
Headspace Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (HSGC-FID)
Reporting Name
Volatile Scrn, USpecimen Type
UrineSpecimen Minimum Volume
1 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
| Frozen | 28 days | ||
| Ambient | 24 hours |
Reject Due To
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.Clinical Information
Urine provides a medium for easy screening for methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone.
Reference Values
Methanol:
Not detected (Positive results are quantitated.)
Cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL
Toxic concentration: ≥10 mg/dL
Ethanol:
Not detected (Positive results are quantitated.)
Cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL
Isopropanol:
Not detected (Positive results are quantitated.)
Cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL
Toxic concentration: ≥10 mg/dL
Acetone:
Not detected (Positive results are quantitated.)
Cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL
Toxic concentration: ≥10 mg/dL
Interpretation
Methanol:
The presence of methanol indicates exposure that may result in intoxication, central nervous system (CNS) depression, and metabolic acidosis. Ingestion of methanol can be fatal if patients do not receive immediate medical treatment.
Ethanol:
The presence of ethanol indicates exposure that may result in intoxication, CNS depression, and metabolic acidosis.
Isopropanol:
The presence of isopropanol indicates exposure that may result in intoxication and CNS depression. Ingestion of isopropanol can be fatal if patients do not receive immediate medical treatment.
Acetone:
The presence of acetone may indicate exposure to acetone; it is also a metabolite of isopropanol and may be detected during ketoacidosis.
Cautions
Quantitation of acetone, methanol, isopropanol, or ethanol in urine correlates poorly with degree of intoxication.
Clinical Reference
1. Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Holstege CP. Clinical toxicology. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham CD, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2023:chap 43
2. Mayfield J, Mihic SJ. Ethanol. In: Brunton LL, Knollmann BC. Goodman and Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 13th ed. McGraw-Hill Education; 2022:chap 27
3. Olson KR, Anderson IB, Benowitz NL, et al. Specific Poisons and Drugs: Diagnosis and Treatment. In: Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 8th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2022:section II
Method Description
Samples are analyzed and quantified by headspace gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.(Baselt RC. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man. 10th ed. Biomedical Publications; 2014:2211)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Saturday
Report Available
1 to 2 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
80320
G0480 (if appropriate)
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| VLTU | Volatile Scrn, U | 24350-1 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 8826 | Volatile Scrn, U | 12983-3 |
| 30904 | Methanol, U | 5695-2 |
| 30905 | Ethanol, U | 5645-7 |
| 30906 | Acetone, U | 5570-7 |
| 30907 | Isopropanol, U | 9434-2 |
| 34378 | Chain of Custody | 77202-0 |